法治国家和风险社会理念下的环境治理机制

Environmental Risk Management under the Rule of Law and the Risk Society

中文关键词:  法治国家  风险社会  环境风险管理  环境监管机制

英文关键词:rule of law  the risk society  environmental risk management  administrative institutions

中文摘要:

      面对现代环境问题,我国环境治理需要以法治国家和风险社会理念为基础进一步完善。法治国家要求立法、行政与司法的长期稳定、系统有效运作,而风险管理需要以科学技术进步为基础,对风险有及时认知和科学评估,两方面都是人类社会可持续发展的理念支撑。现代环境行政法首先强化了直接行政监管,不断加强对私权干涉的程度,而且扩展了现代环境规划制度,还创新了环境影响评估制度,同时针对现代环境问题的源头:经济上的外部性,针对性采取多种经济手段。此外在风险沟通和信息公开以及加强程序性权利上,公众参与制度进一步得到细化。这些环境治理行政手段既继承了国家传统行政机制,又都基于法治国家与风险管理理念予以补充,以更有效地、针对性地实现现代环境保护。

英文摘要:

      In the modern environmental governance,China face two challenges:the rule of law and social risk management.The rule of law requires long-term,stable and systematic as well as effectively function of legislation,administration and justice.The risk management needs to be based on Science and Technology Advancement,new knowledgeand assessment methods to risks.Response to modern environmental governance,the administrative lawfirstly strengthens the direct administrative supervision,and then continues to deepen the interference degree of private rights,furtherly expands the modern environmental planning system,and lastly innovatesthe environmental influence assessment system.As to the source of modern environmental issues:economic externality simultaneously takes a variety of targeted economic instruments.Moreover,in the risk communication,information disclosure and the strengthening of procedural rights,the public participation institution has been further refined.These administrative measures on environmental governance are required a systematically combined applicationunder comprehensive consideration of the rule of law and risk management.