我国土壤环境管理政策制度分析及发展趋势

Analysis of Environmental Management Policy System for Soil Pollution Prevention and Its Development Trend in China

中文关键词:  土壤  污染防治  政策制度  标准体系  环境管理

英文关键词:soil  pollution prevention  policy regime  standard system  environmental management

中文摘要:

      我国土壤环境修复属于政策驱动型产业，完善政策制度和标准体系对推动我国土壤修复健康发展、保障土壤环境安全具有重要意义。本文从国家和地方两个层面，系统分析了我国当前已经发布的土壤污染防治相关环境管理政策法规和技术标准现状、内容特点及其在推进土壤环境管理过程中发挥的作用，总结归纳出国家层面环境管理文件和地方层面制度建设的不同特点。针对国家层面和地方层面环境管理文件的不同特点，结合“十三五”国家土壤污染防治行动计划体现的土壤环境管理总体思路和任务要求，借鉴国际土壤污染防治制度建设经验，提出“十三五”时期我国土壤污染防治政策制度和标准体系建设的主要方向，即“一中心、三方向”，包括基于风险管理的分级分类核心思想，重点提高政策制度操作性、提高技术标准的精细化和针对性、提高关键环境管理的有效性三个主要方向。

英文摘要:

      Soil environmental remediation in China is a policy driven industry at present, so it's very important to improve the policy system and standard system to promote the healthy development of soil remediation and protect the safety of soil environment. From the national and local levels, this paper gave a systematic analysis on the current situation, content, characteristics of the released soil environmental management policies and technical standards, and their impacts in the process of promoting soil environmental management. According to the different characteristics between national and local environmental management documents during the construction, combining the general idea and tasks demand of the National Action Plan on Soil Pollution Prevention and control in the 13th Five-Year period, and the related international experience, main directions of the policy system and standard system construction for soil pollution prevention and control during the 13th Five-Year period were proposed, including system construction with risk management as core, improvement of its interoperability, precision and effectiveness.