DBO模式在医疗废物集中处置设施中的应用探讨

Discussion on Application of DBO Mode in Medical Waste Centralized Disposal Facility

中文关键词:  医疗废物  处置设施  建设和运营  DBO模式

英文关键词:medical waste  disposal facility  construction and operation  DBO mode

中文摘要:

      我国医疗废物集中处置行业呈现多种投资来源和多种运营模式并存的格局，医疗废物集中处置设施建设和运营主要采用以BOT为主的特许经营模式，部分设施由于模式选择不当，导致产权边界不清、稳定运行困难等问题，一定程度限制了行业的可持续发展。近年来开始应用于我国污水处理设施的DBO模式具有责任主体一致、建设运营效率较高等特点，在环境污染治理领域的应用前景较为广阔。本文通过对DBO模式和BOT模式的所有权归属、责任主体、实施期限等方面进行对比，分析得出DBO模式较BOT模式在设施的运营阶段具有突出优势，应用于医疗废物集中处置设施可以更有效地保证运营效率、节约财政支出、强化政府监管。同时，预期在医疗废物集中处置项目中推行DBO模式可能存在的阻碍，包括政府积极性不高、招商面临一定难度、实施过程的不确定因素较多等，并有针对性提出了在中小城市开展试点、发放环境基础设施建设债券、邻近区域多个项目捆绑招商等建议，以促进DBO模式在医疗废物集中处置设施中的应用。

英文摘要:

      The medical waste disposal industry in China is basically characterized by the coexistence of different funding sources and multiple operation modes, while BOT-based concession mode is the main mode. Due to inappropriate choice of the mode, part of the facilities encounter problems like undefined property rights and unstable operational state, limiting the sustainable development of the industry in a certain extent. DBO mode, which has been used in sewage treatment facilities in recent years, is a promising execution mode for environmental infrastructure, possessing the characteristics of consistent responsible party and relatively high operational efficiency. Comparison was carried out between DBO mode and BOT mode on ownership, responsible party and implementation period, and analysis results showed DBO mode has huge advantages in the operational phase. For medical waste disposal facilities, DBO mode can efficiently ensure operational efficiency, save fiscal expenditure, and strengthen government supervision. Meanwhile, difficulties on application of DBO mode in centralized medical waste disposal projects were predicted, including inadequate enthusiasm of government, determination of proper contractor, and uncertainties in implementation process. Corresponding suggestions were proposed to promote the application of DBO mode in centralized medical waste disposal facility, such as carrying out pilots in relatively small cities, issuing environmental infrastructure bonds, trying bundled merchants in adjacent area, etc.