环保约谈对政策执行“中梗阻”的疏通机制研究:以临沂市为例

Research on the Mechanism of Administrative Talk to Environmental Supervision Break “the Obstruction” in Policy Implementation: A Case Study of Linyi City

中文关键词:  环保约谈  政策执行  中梗阻

英文关键词:administrative talk to environmental supervision  policy implementation  the obstruction

中文摘要:

      “约谈”是一种政策执行的新机制，旨在通过告诫谈话、指出相关问题、提出整改要求并督促整改到位来疏通政策执行的“中梗阻”。与一般“硬性”的法律行为不同，约谈作为一种自上而下的制度安排，是政府的“柔性”行政行为，以行政级别较高的“条”对行政级别较低的“块”进行诫勉和警示为主。本文以《环境保护部约谈暂行办法》为参照，阐释了环保约谈的内涵、优势、适用条件以及结构与流程，并以环保约谈后临沂市的治霾行动为案例，分析了环保约谈的作用机制，即通过增强上级环境部门的行政权威、弱化同级政府的非法干预，调整政绩考核的激励结构、重塑政府的责任体系，增强社会认同、塑造政策执行的良好环境等方式疏通了政策执行的“中梗阻”，使环保政策得到有效落实。最后，本文在肯定环保约谈积极效果的同时，也指出了其在法律依据、科学与民主决策机制、激励性制度设计以及不同制度间的衔接等方面存在的不足。

英文摘要:

      Administrative talk is a new mechanism in policy implementation, which aims to break "the obstruction" in policy implementation through conversation, pointing out relevant issue, coming up with rectification, and supervising rectification. It's different from legal acts, as a top-down institutional arrangement. Administrative talk is a flexible administrative act of government, with admonishing and warning by higher administrative level. Based on the "MEP Administrative Talk to Environmental Supervision Interim Measures", its meaning, advantages, applicable conditions, structure and processes were interpreted. Taking the environmental policy in Linyi as a case, the mechanism of administrative talk to environmental supervision were analyzed, namely, by enhancing the administrative authority of his superior in the environmental sector, weakening unlawful interference with the local government, adjusting the performance evaluation in incentive structure, reinventing government responsibility system and strengthening the social identity, creating a favorable environment for policy implementation to broke "the obstruction". Finally, the positive effect of administrative talk to environmental supervision was affirmed, and the deficiency of legal basis, decision-making mechanism for science and democracy, incentive system design as well as other aspects of convergence among systems were pointed out, either.