浅谈GIS在城市环境总体规划中的应用与探索

Analysis on the Application and Exploration of GIS in the Urban Environmental Master Planning

中文关键词:  城市环境总体规划  地理信息系统  环境保护  大数据  应用

英文关键词:urban environmental master planning  geographic information system  environmental protection  big data  application

中文摘要:

      环保大数据结合地理信息系统是实现城市环境总体规划空间化、促使环境管理转型的重要举措。城市环境总体规划是我国环境规划制度中的一项尝试，实现环境管理由末端治理转向前端控制的基础性、空间性、综合性、战略性规划。本文在分析GIS在环境规划领域的技术优势基础上，提出城市环境总体规划中生态保护红线划定、环境（生态）功能区划、要素空间管控、环境风险防控、产业布局调控五大技术需求。总结GIS在城市环境总体规划中的五大技术应用：空间基础数据处理与评价模型应用、标准化制图与空间信息表达、信息系统管理平台建设、专业软件数据转换、衔接“多规合一”平台等。最后，提出GIS支持下的环境功能区划和生态保护红线评估等功能模块开发、城环总规信息系统上的环境影响评价模块开发以及环境详细规划控制图则编制方法等探索方向。

英文摘要:

      Environmental protection big data combined with geographic information system is an important measure to achieve the spatialization of urban environmental master planning, and promote the transformation of environmental management. The urban environmental master planning is an attempt to realize the transformation from the end control to the forward control, which is the basic, spatial, comprehensive and strategic planning. Based on the analysis of GIS technology advantage in environmental planning, five major technical requirements were put forward, such as ecological red-line delineation, environmental function zoning, space environmental factors control, environmental risk prevention, industrial layout adjustment. Five technology applications of GIS in the urban environmental master planning were summarized, for example, spatial data processing and evaluation model application, standardized mapping and spatial symbol expression, information system management platform construction, professional software data conversion, convergence of the platform of “multi planning and unity”. At last, the article pointed out that several aspects of urban environmental master planning supported by GIS need to be further explored, including development of functional modules of environmental function zoning and ecological protection red-line assessment, development of environmental impact assessment module on urban environmental master planning information system and control chart preparation method of environmental detailed planning.