基于“压力-状态-响应”模型的江苏省环境绩效评估研究

Environmental Performance Evaluation in Jiangsu Province Based on Pressure-State-Response Model

中文关键词:  环境绩效  环境管理  环境效率  环境质量  环境治理

英文关键词:environmental performance  environmental management  environmental efficiency  environmental quality  environmental governance

中文摘要:

      环境绩效评估通过量化环境管理效果和分析环境管理中的不足，为改善环境管理水平提供依据。本研究依据压力-状态-响应（PSR）模型和主题框架法构建了包括环境效率、环境质量、环境治理3个二级指标和15个三级指标的市级环境绩效评估指标体系，并运用目标渐进法和均权法计算了江苏省13个地级2015年的环境绩效指数。结果显示，江苏省各地级市综合环境绩效指数分布在58.41（连云港市）~74.98（苏州市）之间，且与经济发展水平正相关。从空间分布来看，位于苏中地区的城市综合环境绩效多为良好，苏南和苏北各地之间的绩效差距较大；在二级指标中，苏南环境效率和环境治理绩效相对较好，苏中环境效率和环境质量绩效较好，苏北环境质量绩效较好。此外，本研究认为三级指标中的单位GDP用水量、空气质量达良好以上天数、工业用水重复利用率、一般工业固体废物利用率以及秸秆综合利用率等是主要的限制性指标。

英文摘要:

      Environmental performance evaluation (EPE) can quantify the effects of environmental management and provide guidance for environmental planning and management. This research applied Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model and the theme framework to build the EPE indicator system on urban scale. We identified three 2nd class indicators: environmental efficiency, environmental quality, and environmental governance, with five 3nd class indicators under each. The proximityto- target approach and average-weighted method were adopted to calculate the environmental performance indexes (EPIs) of 13 cities in Jiangsu province in 2015. The results showed that the EPIs of 13 cities ranged from 58.41 (Lianyungang) to 74.98 (Suzhou), and had significantly positive correlation with economic level (Gross Domestic Product, GDP). From the perspective of spatial distributions of EPIs, most of the cities, gathered in middle part of Jiangsu province, reached good level, but the rest cities shared big differences. For the EPIs of 2nd indicators, different regions have different performance. The southern regions performed well in environmental efficiency and environmental governance. The central regions got high scores in environmental efficiency and environmental quality generally, and the northern regions were the best performers of environmental quality. Furthermore, these 3nd indicators, including water consumption per 10,000 RMB GDP, days of AQI≤100, industrial water recycling rate, general industrial solid waste utilization rate, and straw comprehensive utilization rate, were the main limit factors to EPIs.