村镇生态化治理的问题、经验及对策

Problems, Experience and Countermeasures of Ecological Governance of Villages and Towns

中文关键词:  美丽乡村  生态建设  村镇治理

英文关键词:beautiful countryside  ecological construction  village and town governance

中文摘要:

      中国现代化的关键是农村现代化，中国绿色化的关键是村镇绿色化。本文在广泛调研并汲取他山经验和教训的基础上，提出村镇生态化治理的八大理念：坚持村镇规划的分区化，以功能分区原则引领村镇生态化建设；坚持村镇环境的宜居化，以人地和谐原则引领村镇生态化建设；坚持村镇道路的差异化，以融通古今原则引领村镇道路的分类建设；坚持村镇民居的特色化，以产品差别原则构筑村镇建筑的个性化特征；坚持村镇水系的生态化，以水体灵动原则引领村镇生态化建设；坚持村镇资源的循环化，以绿色发展理念引领自然资源高效利用；坚持村镇景观的园艺化，以美丽乡村目标引领村镇美丽家园建设；坚持村镇治理的科学化，以各司其职理念构建多主体协同治理格局。

英文摘要:

      Rural modernization plays key role in China's modernization. Similarly, much attention should be paid on green village and towns in the process of green China. In this paper, eight ideas on ecological governance of villages and towns were developed based on field investigation and other countries' experiences. Specifically, to construct ecological towns, sectorization principle should be firstly emphasized in village's and town's planning. Secondly, the ecological construction of villages and towns should base on the principle of harmony between human and the earth, and suitable for human habitation. Thirdly, a complete village and town road system with different grades of roads should be considered in village's and town's planning. Fourthly, family features also should be reflected in rural residential construction. Fifthly, ecological construction of villages towns should make a virtue out of water and reflect spirit of water. Sixthly, efficiency and recycling should be emphasized in rural resource utilization. Seventhly, horticultural ideas should be brought into the process of building village's and town's landscape. The last but not the least is to construct a multi-agent collaborative governance structure with each performing its own functions.