中国三大城市群经济能源交通结构对比及其对大气污染的影响分析

Comparison of Economic, Energy and Traffc Structure in Three Major Regions in China and Its Impact on Air Pollution

中文关键词:  经济结构  能源结构  交通结构  空气质量

英文关键词:economic structure  energy structure  traffic structure  air quality

中文摘要:

      本文从经济、能源、交通结构三大领域分析了京津冀、长三角和珠三角三大城市群的异同点，探究了结构性特征对大气污染的影响。结果表明：我国东部三大城市群中，珠三角的空气质量最优，长三角次之，京津冀最差，空气污染程度自南向北呈现阶梯状上升态势；能源规模和结构、工业规模和结构、交通规模和结构同步呈现自南向北逐步偏化石燃料、偏重工业、偏公路运输的结构性特征，与空气污染的阶梯分布在一定程度上相吻合。从时间来看，空气污染呈现历史性发展和累积特征；从空间来看，重工业规模大、比重高，化石燃料在能源消费结构中占比高，汽车保有量和船舶货物吞吐量快速增高是京津冀和长三角大气污染重于珠三角的内在结构性主因。在数据分析的基础上，本文从分区施策和结构调整两方面提出了大气污染防控对策建议。

英文摘要:

      The similarities and differences on economy, energy and traffic structure among the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta were analyzed in this paper, and then the influence of structural characteristics on air pollution was discussed. Results showed that the air quality was the best in the Pearl River Delta, second in the Yangtze River Delta, and worst in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The air pollution showed a ladder aggravate trend from south to north; Scale and structure on energy, industry and transportation showed structural characteristics biased towards fossil fuels, heavy industries and road transport from south to north, which was consistent with the ladder distribution of air pollution to a certain extent. From the perspective of time, air pollution presented historic development and accumulation characteristics. From the perspective of space, internal structural reasons that air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River Delta was more serious than the Pearl River Delta were the high proportion of heavy industry, high proportion of fossil fuels consumption and the rapid growth of vehicle stock and ship cargo throughput. On the basis of data analysis, several policy recommendations for air pollution prevention and control were put forward from aspects of implement different strategies according to different regions and structural adjustment.