“京津冀”地区煤炭相关产业链的体现能核算与政策分析

Embodied Energy Accounting and Policy Analysis of Coal Industry Chain in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

中文关键词:  京津冀  体现能  投入产出方法  煤工业链  区域排放清单

英文关键词:Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region  embodied energy  input-output analysis  coal industrial chain  regional emission inventory

中文摘要:

      目前，我国面临的大气污染问题愈发严重，尤其在“京津冀”地区更为突出。而煤炭相关产业链的能源消耗结构及其污染物排放是导致此问题的重要原因之一。本研究基于2012年“京津冀”地区各省、市的能源平衡表，通过区域间能源调配模型，绘制了煤流和能流桑基图，厘清了“京津冀”地区2012年煤炭相关产业链的物质与能量走向，并运用了投入产出法系统核算了“京津冀”地区煤炭相关产业链的体现能与24种污染物排放量。研究结果表明：①“京津冀”地区的原煤主要依赖调运，属于净煤炭进口地区。②原煤的直接使用在“京津冀”地区的煤炭相关产业链中占有非常大比重。将体现能角度分析的结果与能量角度分析的结果对比，可以发现煤化工产业在煤炭相关产业链中的潜在能量消耗仍然具有较大的贡献。③焦炭是终端消费能量的主要来源，也是体现能的主要贡献源。④在煤炭转化能源利用效率上，“京津冀”地区2012年煤炭相关产业链洗选煤、煤制品加工、炼焦三个环节的效率分别为87.77%、92.46%、90.97%，稍低于中国2012年96.16%的利用效率。⑤原煤、焦炭的直接消费和炼焦过程对“京津冀”地区2012年煤炭相关产业链七种主要污染物的贡献率最大。为了有效减少“京津冀”地区煤炭相关产业链的污染物排放，需要对原煤、焦炭的直接消费和炼焦过程采取相应的减排政策和措施。本研究可以为“京津冀”地区煤炭相关产业链提高能源利用效率、减少体现能和污染物排放、采取改进措施提供一定的理论支持和政策建议。

英文摘要:

      Nowadays, the air pollution of China is more and more serious, especially in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The energy consumption structure and the pollutants emission of coal industry chain is the main cause of the air pollution. In this study, based on the Energy Balance Tables of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province in 2012, we used the model of inter-regional transportation, proposed a Regional Coal Industry Chain Balance Table and clarified the material and energy flows in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region; besides we used the input-output method to account the embodied energy as well as 24 kinds of pollutants of coal industry chain in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region's energy and cola flowchart, as well as the energy efficiencies of different energy transformation divisions within the flowchart are discussed. This study shows the following results:① The main source of raw coal in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is distribution. In the view of the coal industry chain, BeijingTianjin-Hebei is a coal net import region. ② The direct use of raw coal keeps a large proportion Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region's coal industry chain. By comparing the results of embodied energy analysis with the results of energy analysis, we can find that coal chemical industry still keeps quite a few proportion in the potential energy consumption of coal industry chain. ③ Coke is the main source of energy in terminal consumption link, and it is also the key contributor of embodied energy. In terms of the terminal consumption link, whether from the side of energy or embodied energy, the industry keeps the vast majority of proportion(About 90%). We can come to a conclusion that effective control of industrial use of coal resources, has an important significance for improving energy efficiency. ④ The energy utilization efficiency of coal cleaning, coal products processing and coking of coal conversion in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region 2012 are 87.77%, 92.46 and 90.97%, a little less than the energy utilization efficiency of coal conversion in China 2012 (96.16%). ⑤ The direct use of raw coal, coke and the coking process are the key contributors to the 7 main pollutants of coal industry chain in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region 2012. Taking corresponding measures to the direct use of raw coal, coke and the coking process is an effective way to reduce the emissions of coal industry chain in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. This study can provide some theoretical support and policy suggestions to improve the energy utilization efficiency, reduce the consumption of embodied energy and reduce the emissions of coal industry chain in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.