英国环境影响评价制度演进对中国的启示

The Evolution of UK Environmental Assessment System and Its Implications for China

中文关键词:  环境评价  制度演进  比较分析  英国  中国

英文关键词:environmental assessment  system evolution  comparative analysis  UK  China

中文摘要:

      本研究采用文件分析和文献研究的方法对英国环评制度的历史演进进行剖析，并从环评产生背景与使用目的、制度基本特征、相关制度间衔接、制度演进方式、灵活多样性五个方面与中国进行了比较分析。研究建议，中国要把握生态文明建设契机推动环评制度改革，推动环评去审批化回归环评本质，构建内嵌式和结合式环评制度，推动环评制度与规划体系融合，完善反馈路径和机制，加强环评导则和指导文件编制。

英文摘要:

      This study analyzes the evolution of envorinmental assessment (EA) system in the UK by the methods of documentary analysis and literature research. It then makes a comparative analysis with China from five aspects:the introdcution background, the purpose of use, the basic characteristics of the system, the connection with relevant systems, the ways of evolution, and the flexibility and diversity. The resarch suggests that China should take the opportunity of ecological civilization construction to reform EA system, weakening the approval process to recapture the nature of EA, building an embedded and integrated EA system, promoting the integration of EA system and planning system, enhancing the reflective mechanism, and strengthening the compilation of EA guidelines.