杭州快速路、主次干道植物群落降噪功能比较研究

Comparison on the Noise Reduction of Plant Community in Expressway, Primary and Secondary Road of Hangzhou

中文关键词:  城市道路绿地  植物群落  道路等级  降噪效果

英文关键词:green space of urban road  plant community  road rank  effect of noise reduction

中文摘要:

      城市绿地是城市生态系统的重要组成部分，在改善城市生态系统方面有重要作用。现今交通是城市环境中的主要噪声来源，城市道路绿地是交通噪声治理的有效方式之一。本文选取杭州市西湖区不同等级的三条道路（紫金港路、天目山路和丰潭路）作为研究对象，利用手持噪声测量仪测量实时噪声对不同道路等级和距离的绿地降噪效果进行分析。研究发现，杭州市三条道路存在以下问题：①噪声距离道路越远越低，且噪声平均衰减率表明绿地降噪效果为主干道 > 次干道 > 快速路；②配置模式为乔木+灌木+地被的绿地植物群落的降噪效果最佳，且乔木和灌木交错的种植形式在降噪效果上优于灌木在前、乔木在后的排列式种植；③当道路绿地宽达到15m时，植物群落降噪效果会有大幅度提升，且快速路与次干道在距离为15m处，植物群落降噪能力最佳。

英文摘要:

      Urban green space is one of the important parts and plays a significant role to the imporvement of urban ecosystem. Curently, traffic is becoming the major source of urban noise, and traffic green space is one of the effective way to reduce the noice. Three roads of different ranks in Hangzhou were selected in the paper, the real time traffic noise were measured by hand-held noise meter, and the effects of green space on noise reduction with different road ranks and distances were analyzed. The results showed that the farther away from the road, the lower the noise. The average attenuation rate of noise indicated that the noise reduction effects of green space on different roads was:primary road > secondary road > experssway. The plant allocation of arbor+bush+cover has the best effect of noise reduction, and the form of interlaced planting of arbor and bush has better effect than the arranged form of bush ahead and arbor back. The noise reduction capacity will has a substantial enhancement, while the green space width of the road reachs 15 meters. And when the distance between experssway and secondary road is 15 meters, the plant community has the best noise reduction ability.