我国环境管理新进展及环境大数据技术应用展望

New Progress of Environmental Management in China and the Prospect of Application of Environmental Big Data Technology

中文关键词:  环境保护  环境管理  环境大数据  综合决策

英文关键词:environmental protection  environmental management  environmental big data  comprehensive decision

中文摘要:

      伴随着环境问题复杂性日益凸显和国家对生态环境保护的高度重视，传统环境管理和决策手段已经难以满足新时代环境治理需要。推动大数据技术及其应用是重要的国家战略，环境大数据技术是环境学科热门的技术研究领域之一，将促使我国环境管理逐渐向动态化、数字化、网络化和精细化转变。本文回顾了我国环境管理体系的历史阶段变化和新时期环境管理的需求，总结了大数据技术及其发展趋势和国内外环境大数据技术应用进展，从我国环境管理领域大数据技术应用的需求出发，提出了环境大数据技术应用前景和主要功能，包括环境数据采集与挖掘、多源数据处理与管理、大数据分析与应用和环境管理决策与支撑等。大数据技术作为解决复杂系统问题的重要手段，将在我国环境管理和综合决策中发挥重要作用。

英文摘要:

      The complexity of environmental problems has become increasingly prominent, while the government and citizens are paying more attention to the environmental protection. The traditional technical methods of environmental management and policy decision have been difficult to satisfy the new demand for the environment protection and management in the new era. Application of big data technology and its development are the national strategy. Environmental big data technology is one of the most popular topics, which might advance the transformation of environmental management to be dynamic, digital, cyber and meticulous. We reviewed the changes in the historical stage of environmental management system in China, and presented the new demands of the new rea. Based on the summary for the trends of the big data technology and the applications of environmental big data, we proposed the application expectations of environmental big data technology in China and its major functions, which concluded environmental data collection and mining, multisource data processing and management, big data analysis and application, decision making and support. Big data technology is one of important methods to solve the complicated environment problems, which will play more important role in the environmental management and comprehensive decision in China.