居民用电消费回弹效应研究:基于人均收入和性别差异的视角

A Study on Rebound Effect of Chinese Residents' Energy Consumption from the Perspective of Per Capita Income and Gender Differences

中文关键词:  居民用电  回弹效应  人均收入  性别差异

英文关键词:residential electricity  rebound effect  per capita income  gender difference

中文摘要:

      居民住户用电消费的回弹效应对中国建设节约型社会具有重要影响，但从居民住户微观调查视角对用电回弹效应进行分析并剖析回弹效应影响因素的文献较为少见。本文基于CGSS数据库1969个居民数据，采用双对数模型测算中国居民用电的回弹效应，并通过分组回归法探讨影响回弹效应的因素。得到以下结论：①中国居民用电消费存在回弹效应（43.51%），表明当用电效率提高时，预期节电量的43.51%将被用电成本降低导致额外增加的电量消费所抵消；②人均收入对居民用电的回弹效应具有显著作用，收入水平与回弹效应呈现倒V型趋势；③性别差异对居民用电的回弹效应存在显著影响，男性消费者的回弹效应明显高于女性。鉴于上述结论，政府在制定居民节能政策时需要重视电力消费的回弹效应，并针对不同收入群体和性别差异采取针对性举措。

英文摘要:

      The rebound effect of residential electricity consumption exerts a vital impact on China's effort to construct a conservation-oriented society. However, from the perspective of household level micro-investigation, literatures analyzing the rebound effect of electricity consumption and its influencing factors are relatively rare. Based on the data of 1969 samples from CGSS database in 2015, this paper employs the double logarithmic model to measure the rebound effect of Chinese residential electricity consumption, furthermore, explores its influencing factors through the grouping regression method. The following conclusions are drawn; ① There exists a rebound effect (about 43.51%) of electricity consumption in Chinese households, indicating that with the improvement of electricity efficiency, 43.51% of expected electricity conservation will be offset by the extra energy consumption resulting from the cheaper electricity service cost; ② Per capita income has a significant moderating effect on the rebound effect of residential electricity consumption, showing an inverted "V" shape; ③ Gender differences have a significant impact on the rebound effect of residential electricity consumption. To be specific, the rebound effect of male consumers' consumption is distinctly higher than that of female. In view of the above conclusions, the government needs to attach great importance to the rebound effect of electricity consumption when formulating residential energy-saving policies, and corresponding measures for different per capita income groups and gender differences is of necessity.