海洋生态损害补偿及其相关概念辨析

Discriminating of Compensation for Marine Ecological Damage and Its Related Concepts

中文关键词:  海洋生态  生态损害  生态补偿

英文关键词:marine ecology  ecological damage  ecological compensation

中文摘要:

      以下概念涉及对海洋的生态损害由弱到强依次为：海洋生态环境保护、海洋资源有偿使用、海洋生态环境损害（负外部性）、海洋生态环境损害（侵害）。海洋生态损害补偿是广义概念，包括针对"海洋资源有偿使用"的"有偿"、针对"海洋生态环境损害（负外部性）"的"补偿"和针对"海洋生态环境损害（侵害）"的"赔偿"。海洋生态损害补偿是海洋生态补偿的重要组成部分，海洋生态补偿是生态补偿的重要组成部分，理论上需要进行经济学、管理学、法学等多学科的交叉融合研究，实践上需要将它置于生态补偿的总体框架中进行制度政策设计。

英文摘要:

      The ecological damage to the ocean from weak to strong is:marine ecological environmental protection, paid use of marine resources, damage to marine ecological environment (negative externalities), damage to marine ecological environment (infringement). Compensation for marine ecological damage is a broad concept, including "paid" directed towards marine ecological environment protection, "compensated" directed towards marine ecological environment damage and "indemnified" directed towards marine ecological environment infringement.Compensation for marine ecological damage is an important part of marine ecological compensation, and marine ecological compensation is an important part of ecological compensation. Multidisciplinary cross-integration research in economics, management, law, etc. is needed in theory, and it needs to be placed in the overall framework of ecological compensation for institutional policy design in practice.