重金属污染耕地不同修复主体的实施效果研究

Study on the Implementation Effects of Different Implementation Entities of Heavy Metal Contaminated Cultivated Land

中文关键词:  耕地  重金属污染  修复主体  实施效果

英文关键词:cultivated land  heavy metal pollution  implementation entities  implementation effect

中文摘要:

      本文利用长株潭重金属污染耕地修复治理试点区1320个样本的微观数据，以落地率、实施时效、质量评分作为修复主体实施效果评价指标，实证分析了试点区内修复主体基本情况和实施效果差异。结果表明：①2014—2017年，试点区内修复主体主要类型不变，为农户、大户、村组专业队、合作社、企业；修复主体数量变化较大：农户数量和占比均较大幅度下降，其他主体数量和占比均快速增长。② 2017年五类修复主体单个修复面积均有所增加，且单个企业、合作社、村组专业队、大户的修复规模显著大于单个农户，单个修复主体的修复面积差距大。③与2014年相比， 2017年五类修复主体的落地率、实施时效、实施质量均有所提升，整体来看，企业实施效果最好，其余依次是合作社、村组专业队、大户、农户；五类修复主体单项修复治理技术措施的实施效果存在明显差异。④影响修复主体实施效果的主要因素有经济、政策、社会、自然、实施个体、技术难度等。大规模重金属污染耕地修复治理应该注意：修复主体多元化；积极培育社会化服务组织；加强宣传培训。

英文摘要:

      In this paper, the micro-data of 1320 samples in the pilot area of heavy metal-contaminated cultivated land in Chang-ZhuTan were used to evaluate the status quo and implementation effect of the main implementation entities in Chang-Zhu-Tan by using the landing rate, implementation time-effect and quality score. The study found that:(1) from 2014 to 2017, the major types of entities remained unchanged, which were farmers, large households, village groups, cooperatives and enterprises. The number of entities had changed. The number and proportion of farmers decreased by a large margin, and the number and proportion of other entities increased rapidly. (2) The area of individual entities had increased for all types of implementation entities. And the area scale of individual enterprise, cooperative, village group and large households was significantly larger than that of individual farmer. There was a large gap in the area between individual implementation entities. (3) Compared with 2014, the implementation rate, implementation time-effect and implementation quality of the five types of entities in 2017 had all improved. Overall, the implementation effect of enterprise was the best, followed by cooperatives, village groups, large households, and farmers. There were significant differences in the implementation effects among the single technical measures of five types of entities. (4) The main factors affecting the implementation effects included economic, political, social, natural, the quality of personnel, technical difficulties. Large-scale heavy metal pollution of cultivated land restoration and treatment should pay attention to repairing the diversification of the main body, actively cultivating social service organizations, and strengthening publicity and training.