基于主体的建模方法在环境学科中的研究进展

Review of the Application of Agent-Based Modeling in Environmental Science

中文关键词:  基于主体的建模方法（ABM）  环境复杂系统分析  水环境管理  土地资源管理  大气污染防控  环境影响评价

英文关键词:agent-based modeling(ABM)  complex adaptive system  water environment management  land resource management  air pollution prevention and control  environmental impact assessment

中文摘要:

      基于主体的建模方法（ABM）通过自下而上的仿真模拟，考察系统中微观层面异质性主体的状态和行为特征、主体之间的交互、主体与环境的作用，来表征系统宏观现象的涌现，是进行复杂系统模拟和政策评价的重要工具。本文在大量文献调研的基础上，总结了ABM在水文领域、土地资源管理、大气污染防治及环境政策评价等方面的研究进展，归纳了其在主体设计、交互关系与规则、系统环境特征等建模范式方面的共性，论述了该方法对环境系统建模分析的重要意义。

英文摘要:

      From bottom-up, agent-based modeling(ABM) has become an important technique in environmental science, which investigates heterogeneous agents and the interactions at micro-level, represents the emergence of phenomena at macro-level. This paper summarizes the application of ABM in different environmental issues such as water environment management, land resource management, prevention and control of air pollution, evaluation of environmental policy, etc., and also explores the commonalities of ABM's paradigms in model design, interaction rules, and system environmental characteristics. This paper is aimed to provide a review of agent-based modeling in environmental science so that researcher can link their need to the current state of the modeling techniques that are currently used to satisfy them. Besides, the significance of ABM in environmental system analyzing is discussed.