土壤污染风险评价研究进展

Research Progress on Soil Pollution Risk Assessment

中文关键词:  土壤污染  健康风险  生态风险  评价方法

英文关键词:soil pollution  health risk  ecological risk  assessment method

中文摘要:

      随着工业化和城镇化快速发展，土壤污染带来的人体健康和生态风险日益凸显。本文针对我国土壤污染环境风险评价体系在风险管控中的缺失问题，系统总结了国内外土壤污染的风险研究发展成果，按照土壤污染的人体健康风险和生态风险，分别进行评价方法、评价标准和管理实践的总结与评述。文章着重指出：土壤污染风险评价在生态系统水平及区域流域尺度上缺失，评价方法未能与污染物存在形态完全匹配，评价指标还不能覆盖大部分重金属和有机物，健康风险与生态风险还没有实现综合评价。

英文摘要:

      With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, the human health and ecosystem risks brought by soil pollution become increasingly concerned. In view of the lack of soil pollution risk assessment methodologies in risk control in China, this paper systematically over viewed the research progress on soil pollution risk assessment at home and abroad. According to the human health risk and ecological risk of soil pollution, it summarized and commented the assessment methods, assessment criteria, and a great deal of assessment cases of soil pollution risk. It pointed out that the soil pollution risk assessment is deficient in ecosystem level and at regional/watershed scale, the assessment methods do not completely match the existing forms of pollutants, the assessment indexes can't cover most of heavy metals and organics, and the integrated assessment of health risk and ecological risk has not been realized.