中国生态环境科技创新体系建设研究

Research on the Construction of Environmental Science and Technology Innovation System in China

中文关键词:  生态环境科技创新  成果转化  产业发展  体系研究

英文关键词:environmental science and technology innovation  achievement transformation  industrial development  system research

中文摘要:

      分析国内外生态环境科技创新的发展现状，相比较国外以市场机制为导向、以企业为创新主体、政府通过政策和管辖支撑创新的体系特征，我国已形成四大类环境类科创载体，但尚未形成成熟有效的技术成果产业化机制以及市场与政策协同促进科技创新的发展模式。本文根据生态环境科技创新的强政策驱动性、技术验证放大周期长以及集成性强的特点，重点通过环境技术研发、技术成果转化、技术放大与赋能、产业拓展与推广四个方面阐述了生态环境科技创新体系建设的主要环节：环境技术的研发由以科研机构为主的传统自发性研发、企业迭代性研发和联合应用型研发组成；技术成果的转化经历挖掘发现、技术识别与判断、知识产权评估评价后进入已成立的企业或新设公司，在这一过程中，成果转化专业队伍起着至关重要的作用；技术放大与赋能旨在为有创新技术的企业提供科技创新政策、二次研发中试验证、首台套工程案例、投融资等资源的对接，以协助初创企业成长；产业的拓展与推广则通过为解决环境问题形成集成方案、孵化平台为企业背书和产业政策匹配等方式助力企业长期发展。最后从加强专业化创新平台、技术评估体系、成果转化人才培养体系建设以及疏通投融资渠道等方面对中国未来生态环境科技创新发展提出相关建议。

英文摘要:

      Analysis of current development of environmental science and technology innovation in China and overseas shows that four categories of environmental innovation institutions have formed in China without a mature and effective system motivated by commercialization of research findings and coordination between policy and market, while in foreign countries innovation is guided by the market mechanism, and enterprise usually leads technical innovation, supported by government policy and administration. According to the characteristics of environmental science and technology innovation, which are policy-driven, long period of technical demonstration and identification, and technology integration, the discuss of the environmental science and technology innovation system construction is mainly focused on four aspects:environmental technology research, the transformation of achievements, technical application and acceleration, industry development and promotion. Types of environmental technology research mainly include traditional spontaneous R&D by scientific research institutions, iterative R&D by enterprise, and joint application-oriented R&D. The transformation of achievements involves phases of discovering valued findings, technical identification and assessment, intellectual property evaluation, and property entering the established enterprises or new companies. In this process, a professional team of achievement transformation plays a crucial role. The purpose of technical application and acceleration is to provide companies with scientific and technological innovation policy consultation, secondary research and pilot test verification opportunities, the first set of engineering project, investment and financing support and other resources to assist the growth of start-ups. The expansion and promotion help the long-term development of enterprises through the formation of integrated solutions to environmental problems, endorsement of incubating platforms for enterprises and matching of industrial policies. Finally, suggestions are put forward for the future of environmental science and technology innovation in China, such as strengthening the construction of professional innovation platform, technology evaluation system, training system for transformation team and simplified investment and financing process.