风电场水土流失防治法律制度的失灵与矫正

The Failure of the Legal System of Soil Erosion Control in Wind Farm and Its Correction

中文关键词:  水土流失防治  法律制度失灵  并联审批  生态环境损害  矫正措施

英文关键词:soil erosion control  failure of the legal system  concurrent administrative licensing  compensation for ecological and environmental damage  adjust

中文摘要:

      可再生能源的法制保障和法治水平关系其持续健康发展。风力发电（以下简称风电）虽然提供了可再生能源，但在建设时期容易造成水土流失、植被破坏等生态环境影响。《中华人民共和国可再生能源法》宣示了保护环境的立法目的，但缺乏配套的法律制度。《中华人民共和国能源法（征求意见稿）》侧重能源开发利用，但缺乏环境规制治理保障能源安全的法律制度。《中华人民共和国水土保持法》颁布实施的时间较早，防治水土流失的相关法律制度已不适应风能的开发利用。本文通过典型案例，发现风电场环境治理存在环境影响评价制度治理低效化、水土保持设施“三同时”制度法律监管不足、水土保持与环境影响评价“并联审批”设计缺陷等法律制度失灵症状，大量水土流失造成的生态环境损害尚未得到法律救济，为此提出了防治水土流失的法律矫正措施。

英文摘要:

      The legal guarantee and legal level of renewable energy are related to its sustainable development.Renewable energy act declared its legislative purpose to protect environment, but lack of supporting legal systems.Energy Law (Draft) focuses on energy development and utilization but lack of legal systems of environmental governance to guarantee energy security. The relevant legal system of soil and water conservation has not adapted to the development and utilization of wind energy. The paper finds several legal systems are out of order,suggested to clarify the compilation requirements of the energy development and utilization plan, and to increase the legal system for the prevention and control of soil and water conservation, so as to provide legal system for the right holders of compensation for ecological environmental damage.