贫困地区生态综合补偿转移支付法制研究

Research on the Legal System of Ecological Comprehensive Compensation Transfer Payment in Poor Areas

中文关键词:  生态综合补偿  贫困地区  转移支付法  可持续的自我发展权  权利激励

英文关键词:ecological comprehensive compensation  poor areas  transfer payment law  sustainable self-development right  right incentives

中文摘要:

      生态综合补偿的提出表明国家对生态补偿关注的重点从资金的来源转向资金使用的效果，其中转移支付法制是影响生态综合补偿效果的主要变量。从中央和地方两个层面的立法来看，贫困地区生态补偿转移支付立法从维护公平正义提供倾斜性补偿资金，转向促进“绿色发展”“绿色减贫”的生态补偿整体性效益建设。然而，整体上，相关法制建设尚显不足，如贫困地区利益未充分表达、补偿资金使用自主权未能充分发挥、整体性监督考核机制不健全等。原因在于，扶贫政治思维淡化了贫困地区生态综合补偿法律制度的属性，覆盖面难以普及；不同利益诉求造就了贫困地区生态综合补偿转移支付制度约束；行政放权的非制度化影响贫困地区生态补偿转移支付整体性效益。应以实现可持续的自我发展权新理念加强贫困地区生态综合补偿转移支付的法律制度化建设，明晰贫困地区生态综合补偿中转移支付的重要地位，夯实基础性财权，同时构建适应生态综合补偿的整体性考核机制。

英文摘要:

      The proposal of ecological comprehensive compensation shows that the focus of national attention on ecological compensation shifts from the source of funds to the effect of using funds. Among them, the transfer payment legal system is the main variable that affects the effect of ecological comprehensive compensation. From the perspective of legislation at both the central and local levels, the legislation on transfer payment of ecological compensation in poor areas has shifted from maintaining fairness and justice to providing inclined compensation funds, to the promotion of the overall benefits of ecological compensation for "green development" and "green poverty reduction". The problems are that the scope of the poverty-stricken areas concerned by the existing legislation is incomplete, the autonomy of the use of compensation funds is not fully exerted, and the overall supervision and evaluation mechanism is not perfect. The reasons are that poverty alleviation political thinking dilutes the attributes of the ecological compensation system in poverty-stricken areas, and the coverage is difficult to popularize; different interest demands have created constraints on the ecological compensation transfer payment system in the poverty-stricken areas; the deregulation of administrative decentralization affects the overall benefits of ecological compensation transfer payment in the poor areas. It is necessary to strengthen the legal institutionalization of ecological comprehensive compensation transfer payment in impoverished areas, clarify the important position of transfer payment of ecological comprehensive compensation in poor areas and consolidate the basic financial rights, and the same time rebuild the appropriate overall assessment mechanism.