整体性治理视域下防治外来物种入侵法治研究

Nomocracy for Prevention and Control of Alien Species Invasion from the Perspective of Integrated Governance

中文关键词:  整体性治理  整体安全观  外来物种入侵  生物安全

英文关键词:holistic governance  overall security concept  invasion of alien species  biosecurity

中文摘要:

      外来物种入侵是威胁国家生物多样性、生态安全和公众健康的重大安全问题。《生物安全法》的通过为防治外来物种入侵提供了综合性的制度规范。我国防治外来物种入侵法治实践长期以行政规制为主导，较少关注司法机关、企事业单位、社会组织和公众等法律主体在治理中的作用。行政规制治理中执法机构及其职能与管理手段的碎片化，亦无法回应高风险社会防治外来物种入侵的需要。我国防治外来物种入侵法治建设应当坚持整体性治理理念，以整体安全观为指导，坚持风险预防、防治结合，明确综合管理程序及责任法律制度和一体化协同执法机制，健全防治外来物种入侵行政规制体系；引入公众参与，形成政府、企事业单位、社会组织和公众协同治理外来物种入侵，鼓励外来物种入侵公益诉讼等，完善防治外来物种入侵的多元共治体系，共促国家生物安全治理体系。

英文摘要:

      Invasion of alien species is a major security issue that threatens the national biodiversity, ecological security and public health. The adoption of the “Biosafety Law” provides a comprehensive system for prevention and control of alien species invasion. The practice of the rule of the law in the prevention and control of alien species invasion in China has long been dominated by the administrative regulations, and less attention has been paid to the role of entities such as judicial organs, enterprises and institutions, social organizations and the public in governance. The fragmentation of law enforcement agencies and their functions and management means in administrative regulation and governance cannot respond to the needs of high-risk societies to prevent the invasion of alien species. The construction of the rule of law for the prevention and control of alien species in China should adhere to the concept of holistic governance, take overall security concept as the guidance, adhere to the combination of risk prevention and prevention, clarify the comprehensive management procedures and liability legal system, and an integrated coordination law enforcement mechanism, and improve administrative regulations for the prevention and control of alien species invasion system. Introduce public participation, form a coordinated governance of alien species invasion by governments, enterprises, institutions, social organizations and the public. It will encourage alien species invasion public interest litigation etc., improve the multiple co-governance system for prevention and control of alien species invasion, jointly promote the national biosafety governance system.