我国大气环境管理历程与展望

Atmospheric Environment Management in China: Progress and Outlook

中文关键词:  空气质量  美丽中国  “十四五”规划

英文关键词:air quality  Beautiful China  the 14th Five-Year Plan

中文摘要:

      随着大气环境问题从煤烟型向以PM_2.5和O₃为特征的区域复合型污染演变，我国大气污染控制模式从以污染物排放浓度控制为核心、以污染物排放总量控制为核心逐渐走向以大气环境质量改善为核心。特别是近几年，全国各地在空气质量管理、科学精准治污等领域开展一系列积极的探索与实践，取得了显著成效。本文系统回顾了近50年来我国不同阶段大气环境管理工作的特点，重点梳理了2013年《大气污染防治行动计划》实施以来，空气质量管理经验与成绩，结合减污降碳总体部署对我国2035年“美丽中国建设目标基本实现”时的空气质量进行了展望，从PM_2.5与O₃协同控制的角度出发，提出了“十四五”期间我国大气环境管理的总体思路。

英文摘要:

      Along with the evolution of China's major air pollution problems from coal-fired smoke and soot to regional compound pollution such as fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and ozone (O₃), the focus of China's atmospheric environment management has changed from concentration of emissions into the total volume of emissions, and finally into air quality. Proactive air management practices focused on scientific and accurate pollution control brought significant effects on improving air quality in recent years. This paper systematically reviewed the progress of China's atmospheric environment management by different stages in recent 50 years, and analyzed the experience and achievements of air quality management since Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan was implemented in 2013. This paper also carried out a mid-to-long-term prospect on China's air quality, taking into account the deployment of potential actions towards carbon neutrality/carbon peaking and pollution reducing to achieve "Beautiful China" in 2035. Finally this paper came up with the general idea of China's atmospheric environment management during the 14th Five-Year Plan period from the perspective of synergizing control of PM_2.5 and O₃.