工业园区温室气体核算方法研究

Review on Greenhouse Gas Accounting Methods on China’s Industrial Parks

中文关键词:  工业园区  温室气体  碳排放  核算方法

英文关键词:industrial parks  greenhouse gas  carbon emissions  accounting methods

中文摘要:

      碳达峰碳中和已成为我国重要的国家战略，作为工业发展的重要载体，工业园区贡献了全国50%以上的工业产出和31%左右的碳排放，是我国控碳减碳的重要靶点。准确把握园区碳排放特点，对制定针对性减碳举措意义重大。然而，工业园区温室气体排放核算方法尚未统一，需结合园区特点进行深入探讨。本研究分析了工业园区组成结构与发展特征，将园区的碳排放源归类为能源消费、工业过程和产品使用与废弃物处理处置三大类，比较不同核算方法，提出适合园区特点的温室气体排放清单建议，之后对国家级开发区开展案例研究，揭示其排放结构特征。结果显示，2015—2017年203家园区碳排放强度小幅增加，排放总量持续上升，总排放中超85%为直接排放，但三年内仍分别有100、98和92家园区的间接排放占自身总排放比重超过50%，间接排放是工业园区碳排放不可忽视的重要组份。最后，建议从间接排放占比显著或产城融合程度较高或以单一企业为绝对主体等特殊园区入手，探讨企业、园区、城市等不同层面碳排放核算之间的联系，构建园区低碳发展评价指标体系，推动工业园区温室气体核算标准的建立。

英文摘要:

      Carbon peak and carbon neutrality have become an important national strategy for China. Industrial parks are significant carriers of China’s industrial department, contributing over 50% of industrial output and about 31% of carbon emissions in China. Therefore, uncovering the features of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of industrial parks will be crucial to make targeted carbon reduction measures. However, the GHG emissions accounting methods have not been unified, requiring in-depth discussions based on the characteristics of the parks. This research analyzed the composition structure and development characteristics of the industrial park, and classified the carbon emission sources of the park into three categories: energy, industrial processes and product use, and waste. Then compared various accounting methods, and proposed suggestions on GHG emissions inventory suitable for the characteristics of the park. A case study of national development zones was carried out. The results showed that from 2015 to 2017, the carbon emission intensity of 203 parks increased slightly and the total emissions increased from 1195Mt to 1308Mt. Although more than 85% of the total emissions were direct emissions, there were still 100, 98, and 92 parks whose indirect emissions accounted over 50% of their total emissions. Finally, it is recommended to start with special industrial parks such as parks with a significant proportion of indirect emissions or with a high degree of industrial-city integration, or with a single company as the absolute main body, to explore the links between different levels of carbon emissions accounting for companies, parks, cities, etc., construct a low-carbon development evaluation index system for industrial parks, and promote the establishment of greenhouse gas accounting standards for industrial parks.