工业园区绿色低碳发展国际经验及其对中国的启示

International Experience of Green and Low-Carbon Development in Industrial Parks and Its Enlightenment to China

中文关键词:  碳中和  工业共生  绿色发展  生态工业园区

英文关键词:carbon neutralization  industrial symbiosis  green development  eco-industrial park

中文摘要:

      国际工业园区绿色低碳发展为我国工业园区碳中和转型提供了大量的实践经验。本文在总结卡伦堡、蔚山、川崎等国外典型生态工业园区绿色化和低碳化发展模式和路径的基础上，分析了上述工业共生体系的碳减排措施，并总结国外生态工业园区的低碳发展经验和启示。结果显示：①国外生态工业园区低碳化具有显著的三阶段特征，即历经节能增效降碳、减污降碳协同、自发式降碳等阶段，最终进入碳中和导向阶段；②政府引领成为园区绿色发展和低碳化的重要特征，且政府主动介入时间与《京都议定书》的签署时间高度吻合；③合理使用政策手段是推动绿色发展和低碳化的主要手段；④推进系统性变革是绿色发展和低碳化的战略重点。最后，本文面向我国“双碳”目标的实现，给出了推进我国工业园区碳中和的4点建议：加速制定工业园区碳中和路线图、强化低碳指标、推进示范试点，以及建立碳中和政策框架。

英文摘要:

      The green and low-carbon development of international industrial parks provides experience for carbon neutralization transformation of China’s industrial parks. On the basis of summarizing the green and low-carbon development modes and paths of foreign typical eco-industrial parks such as Kalundborg, Ulsan and Kawasaki, etc., this paper analyzes the carbon emission reduction measures of the above-mentioned industrial symbiosis system, and summarizes the low-carbon development experience and enlightenment of foreign eco-industrial parks. The results show that the low-carbon development of foreign eco-industrial parks has gone through three stages, i.e. carbon-reduction with energy-saving and efficiency, carbon-reduction synergizing with pollutionreduction, initiative in reducing carbon, eventually enter the carbon-neutral orientation stage. Government guidance is an important feature for green and low-carbon development. The time point of government intervention is highly consistent with that of signing the Kyoto protocol. Proper using of policy is the main driving to promote green and low-carbon development. Promoting systematic change is the strategic focus of green and low-carbon development. In order to realizing China’s double carbon goal on 2060, four specific policy suggestions are given, i.e. accelerate the formulation a roadmap for carbon neutralization in industrial parks, strengthen lowcarbon indicators, promote demonstration pilot projects, and establish a carbon neutralization policy framework.