排污权交易政策对绿色创新效率的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Emissions Trading Policy on the Green Innovation Efficiency

中文关键词:  排污权交易政策  政策效应  减排  工业绿色创新效率  双重差分法

英文关键词:emissions trading policy  policy effect  emissions reduction  industrial green innovation efficiency  difference in difference

中文摘要:

      在现有环境污染严重的背景下绿色转型成为经济发展的必要，为解决发展中的污染问题政府采取环境规制政策进行干预，环境规制政策的评价标准不仅要保护环境同时也要兼顾经济发展。目前关于检验排污权交易政策对绿色发展的影响研究较少。本文基于中国2004—2018年30个省份面板数据，通过双重差分法（DID）等实证检验排污权交易政策的实施效果和作用机制，并且采用PSM-DID等方法进行稳健性检验。研究发现：排污权交易政策的实施不仅减少了污染物SO₂的排放，而且对工业绿色创新效率具有显著促进作用，有效推动经济可持续发展；通过作用机制分析可知，排污权交易政策提高绿色创新效率的作用途径是加大研发投入，并没有通过调整产业结构提高绿色创新效率；异质性分析表明在强环境规制下排污权政策的实施效果更好。中国政府有必要继续推动建设排污权交易政策的全国化，发挥政府激励作用，促使企业加大研发投入，提升绿色创新效率，推动经济可持续发展。本文从绿色创新效率的新视角检验了排污权交易政策的实施效果，有助于区域绿色发展的同时也为制定和完善排污权交易政策提供借鉴和参考。

英文摘要:

      Green transformation has become a necessity for economic development under severe environmental pollution. In order to solve the pollution problem in the development, the government adopts environmental regulation policies to intervene. Therefore, when evaluating environmental regulations, it is necessary to not only protect the environment but also take into account economic development. At present, there are few studies on evaluating the impact of emissions trading policy on green development. Thus, using the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2004 to 2018, the data envelopment analysis method and the difference in differences method were used to analyze the emission reduction effect of the emissions trading policy and the impact on the green innovation efficiency and mediating effects. The study found that the emissions trading policy reduced pollutant emissions (SO₂), improved the industrial green innovation efficiency significantly, and promoted the sustainable development of the economy. Through the analysis of the mediating effect, it can be seen that the effect of the emissions trading policy to improve the green innovation efficiency was to increase R&D investment, and it did not improve the green innovation efficiency by adjusting the industrial structure. The heterogeneity analysis showed the implementation effect of the emissions trading policy under strong environmental regulations was better. It is necessary for Chinese government to continue to promote the nationalization of the construction of emissions trading policy, give full play to the government’s incentive role, urge enterprises to increase R&D investment, improve the green innovation efficiency, and promote sustainable economic development. This study examined the implementation effects of emissions trading policy from a new perspective, which is helpful for regional green development and also provides references for formulating and improving emissions trading policy.