实践与供给：面向碳中和的需求侧解决方案

Practice and Provision: Demand-side Solutions for Carbon Neutrality

中文关键词:  需求侧  碳减排  消费实践  供给系统

英文关键词:demand side  carbon reduction  consumption practices  provision system

中文摘要:

      碳中和目标的提出，对中国经济系统各个层面的深刻变革提出要求。社会各界对此做出积极响应，但多以行业、技术等供给侧视角为主，需求侧减排方案未得到足够重视。中产阶级崛起和人口老龄化等社会变革，推动消费结构的转型和升级，也为碳中和目标的实现带来巨大挑战，我们亟须探索需求侧的解决方案。本文将消费行为置于社会实践的框架之中，较全面地识别了不同消费实践领域中潜在的碳减排措施。从实践与供给相结合的视角，发现我国现阶段需求侧碳减排主要面临减排实践庞杂且难管理、低碳供给不足、需求难以撬动供给变革和公众环境意识薄弱等困境和问题。最后，从构建指南、实践与供给联动、政策落地和社会规范引导文化建设等方面提出建议。

英文摘要:

      The introduction of carbon neutrality targets has called for profound changes at all levels of the Chinese economic system. All sectors of society have responded positively to this, but the supply-side perspective, such as industry and technology, has been the main focus, and demand-side solutions have not received sufficient attention. Social changes, such as the rise of the middle class and an ageing population, have brought about structural changes and upgrades in consumption, posing a huge challenge to achieve the carbon neutrality target and requiring urgent exploration of demand-side solutions. By placing consumption behavior within the framework of social practice, this paper comprehensively identifies potential carbon emission reduction measures in different areas of consumption practices. From the perspective of combining practice and provision, it is found that demand-side carbon emission reduction in China at this stage is mainly faced with such dilemmas and problems as complicated and unmanageable emission reduction practices, insufficient low-carbon provision, difficulty in leveraging supply changes by demand and weak public environmental awareness. Finally, suggestions are made in terms of constructing guideline, linking practice and provision, effective policy and social norms to guide the construction of a culture.