上海垃圾分类资源化利用的现状、问题与实践路径

Status Quo, Problems and Practical Paths of Waste Classification and Resource Utilization in Shanghai

中文关键词:  垃圾分类  资源化利用  闭路循环  上海

英文关键词:waste classification  waste re-utilization  closed-loop circulation  Shanghai

中文摘要:

      “垃圾围城”现象已成为制约经济高质量发展的因素，推进垃圾分类是解决日益增加的环境压力的重要举措。在垃圾分类全过程中，如何分门别类进行资源化利用是下阶段工作的主阵地。上海作为先行先试的城市，在政府、企业、媒体和公民的协同共治下，垃圾分类实效显著，但资源化利用率仍有待进一步提高，出现垃圾分类主体内在驱动力不足、垃圾分类行为约束疲软、湿垃圾处置痛点突出、低价值可回收物资源化利用难点凸显等。针对此，本文以构建闭路循环为核心理念，提出细化分拣门类、提升市场化机制、强化垃圾资源化利用技术研发、夯实制度保障机制、加大宣传引导等对策建议，以期为其他城市提供经验借鉴与路径参考。

英文摘要:

      The phenomenon of “garbage siege” has become a key factor restricting the rapid economy development. Promoting waste classification is critical to solve the increasing waste pressure. During the whole process of waste classification, how to classify and reutilize different categories of wastes is the main task in the next stage. As a large and pilot city, under the collaborative governance of the government, enterprises, media and residents, Shanghai has achieved a significant progress in conducting the MSW classification programme. However, the utilization rate needs to be further improved. This is due to the difficulties such as insufficient internal driving forces of waste classification, the weak regulatory system, food waste treatment issues, and difficulties of re-utilizing low-value recyclables. As a result, by taking the closed-loop circulation as the core, corresponding suggestions are provided as follows to guide other cities: refining the sorting categories, improving the market mechanism, strengthening the R&D of waste re-utilization technology, enhancing the regulation system, and broadening the publicity and guidance.