入河（海）排污口排查及其在水环境治理中的应用

A Comprehensive Inspection of Sewage Outfalls and Its Potential Application in Water Environment Treatment

中文关键词:  水污染  水环境质量  排污口排查  流域治理

英文关键词:water pollution  water quality  inspection of sewage outlets  basin management

中文摘要:

      随着我国在水生态环境治理方面的大力投入，全国水环境质量得到整体性改善；但水生态环境保护不平衡、不协调、不充分的问题依然突出，部分流域依然存在水资源短缺、水环境污染、水生态退化问题。排污口是陆源污染物进入水环境的主要通道，通过对排污口及其污染特征的全面排查，可识别影响流域水污染现状的关键因素；经过监测和溯源，打通污染物从污染水体—涉污路径—排污单位监管链条，实现水污染物产排的闭环监管，推进流域治理能力的现代化建设。本研究依据已开展的工作，梳理了排污口排查的主要流程、技术要点，并论述了排查结果的潜在应用，为深入推进水生态环境治理提供支撑。

英文摘要:

      With the increasing investment in water eco-environment management, water quality has been improved overall in China. However, the problems of unbalanced, uncoordinated and inadequate water eco-environment protection are still prominent. Particularly, water shortage, pollution and ecological degradation still exist in some river basins. Sewage outlets are the main gate for land-sourced pollutants entering the water environment. To modernize the eco-environment governance capacity of a basin, factors affecting water quality have been identified via a bulk inspection of the sewage outlets (ISOs) throughout a basin, and a closed-loop of pollutants (i.e. polluted water bodies-pollution routes-pollution discharge) has been established to monitor and track the pollutants. This review summarized the general process and technical points of ISOs, and discussed the potential application of the results. The information is useful for advancing the eco-environment management of river basins.