生态产品价值实现的理论研究与实践进展

Theoretical Research and Practical Progress on Ecological Products Value Realization

中文关键词:  生态产品  价值实现  基本路径  实践模式

英文关键词:ecological products  value realization  primary paths  practice modes

中文摘要:

      生态产品价值实现是推动“绿水青山”向“金山银山”转化的关键路径，近年来成为研究习近平生态文明思想的热点领域。本文就生态产品价值的内涵理解、实现机理、主要路径及具体实践模式，梳理了近年来国内学者的研究成果，并在此基础上总结与分析，指出存在的问题、提出相关建议。对生态产品价值的理解，目前国内学者从早期的分歧已逐步形成统一的认识，即生态产品本质上是人类从自然生态系统中直接或间接获取的物质和服务的总称，其价值来自生态系统服务价值。生态产品价值实现则是其存在价值通过各种路径被人类消费或使用，最终转化为经济收益或是民生福祉的过程。生态产品价值实现的基本路径主要包括产业发展、市场交易、金融扶持、政府调控和社会参与5种方式，国内目前的实践案例则可以归类为15种模式。但各地在实践过程中也面临生态产品识别边界不清晰、生态产品价值实现机理认识不统一、配套机制不完善以及路径模式创新与实践不够等问题，后续应加快建立生态产品调查统计与评估核算方法体系、完善自然资源产权制度、加强实践模式创新与推广应用。

英文摘要:

      Ecological products value realization is the key path to promote the transformation of the "Two Mountains". In recent years, it has become a hot area for studying Xi Jinping thought on ecological civilization. This paper combs the research results of domestic scholars in recent years on the connotation understanding, realization mechanism, main path and specific practical mode of the ecological products value. On this basis, summarizes and analyzes, points out the existing problems, and puts forward relevant suggestions. For the understanding of ecological products and their value, domestic scholars have gradually formed a unified understanding from the early differences:Ecological products are essentially the general term for materials and services that humans obtain directly or indirectly from natural ecosystems, and their value comes from the value of ecosystem services. The realization of ecological products value is the process in which its existence value is consumed or used by human beings through various paths, and finally transformed into economic benefits or people's well-being. There are five primary paths to realize the value of ecological products, including industrial development, market trade, financial support, government regulation and social participation. The practical cases that have been piloted in China can be classified into 15 modes. However, in the course of practice, various regions are also faced with some problems such as unclear boundaries of ecological products, divergent understanding of ecological products value realization mechanisms, imperfect supporting system, and insufficient practices modes. The following, we should establish a system of ecological products survey, statistics and assessment methods, improve the natural resource property rights system, and strengthen the innovation and application of practical modes.