黄河流域生态效率时空分异特征及其影响因素研究

Research on the Spatiotemporal Differentiation Characteristics of Ecoefficiency in the Yellow River Basin and Its Influencing Factors

中文关键词:  黄河流域  生态效率  Global Malmquist-Luenberger指数  变系数模型

英文关键词:the Yellow River basin  eco-efficiency  Global Malmquist-Luenberger index  variable coefficient model

中文摘要:

      黄河流域生态系统脆弱、内部发展差异悬殊，探明黄河流域生态效率时空分异规律及其影响因素可为流域高质量发展提供重要保障。本研究基于黄河流域9省份2000—2018年经济、资源、环境相关的64个指标数据探索黄河流域生态效率，采用熵权法、全局SBM为基础的Global-Malmquist-Luenberger指数模型和变系数模型对生态效率时空变化趋势和影响动因开展实证研究。结果表明：① 2001—2018年，黄河流域整体生态效率虽有一定提升，但沿黄9省份平均水平均低于全国水平，且两极分化严重。随时间渐近，生态效率高值区（1.0以上）在流域下游聚集，生态效率低值区（0.2 ～ 0.6）向流域中部收缩。②时序影响分析发现，经济发展对生态效率正向驱动效果明显，科技创新的影响由正转负，环境治理和对外开放暂未发挥积极作用。③空间影响分析发现，上、中、下游存在显著的影响因素异质性。基于此，针对性地提出分区实施产业协同发展、优化环境治理投资、改善对外贸易结构、从全过程挖掘污染减排潜力等政策建议，为推动黄河流域经济发展与生态保护的均衡发展提供支撑。

英文摘要:

      Confronting with frangibility and huge disparities existed of the ecological system in the internal development in the Yellow River basin, it is urgent to study on the spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics of eco-efficiency and its influencing factors in order to support the high-quality transition of the Yellow River basin. This study explores the ecological efficiency of the Yellow River Basin based on 64 indicators data related to economy, resources and environment in 9 provinces in the basin from 2000 to 2018, and the entropy weight method, Global Malmquist-Luenberger index model, and variable coefficient model are used to carry out empirical research on the spatial-temporal variation trends and influencing factors of eco-efficiency. The results showed that: ① From 2001 to 2018, although the overall ecological efficiency of the Yellow River Basin has improved to a certain extent, the average eco-efficiency of the 9 provinces along the Yellow River is lower than the national level, and the polarization is serious. As time goes on, the high value area (more than 1.0) of eco-efficiency in the Yellow River basin appears to cluster in the down streamers of the basin, and the low value area (0.2-0.6) of eco-efficiency shrinks to the central region. ② Among the factors that affect the time series of eco-efficiency, economic development is the driving force of eco-efficiency; the effect of scientific and technological innovation is changing from positive to negative; environmental governance and opening-up level have play positive role yet. ③ Among the factors affecting the spatial difference of eco-efficiency, the development of the middle stream reflects frustrating result; the environmental control in the whole basin presents a negative impact, the Yellow River basin has not yet crossed the “ pollute first, then govern” road. Accordingly, the study puts forward policy recommendations such as implementing coordinated industrial development in different regions, optimizing investment in environmental governance, improving the structure of foreign trade, and exploring the potential of pollution reduction from the whole process, to provide support for promoting the balanced development of economic development and ecological protection in the Yellow River basin.