共享骑行减污降碳效益研究

Study on the Environmental Pollution and Carbon Emission Reduction for Shared Bicycle

中文关键词:  共享骑行  减污降碳  方法学  环境效益

英文关键词:shared riding  emission reduction for pollution and carbon  methodology  environmental benefits

中文摘要:

      共享骑行作为一种新兴的绿色出行方式，凭其便捷、经济、共享的特点，已发展成为一种重要的城市出行交通方式。共享骑行作为一种绿色交通出行方式，可替代能源消耗型交通出行方式，具有明显的减污降碳环境效益。然而，目前关于共享骑行环境效益的定量研究，主要集中在“降碳”方面；对于“减污”的研究较少，尚未见公开发布的核算方法学。本文对共享骑行的“降碳”效益方法学进行了梳理并定量核算了“降碳”效益；对于“减污”效益，采用“降碳”核算方法学的思路进行了定量核算的方法探索。在此基础上，结合某大型共享骑行公司的用户骑行数据，对共享骑行“减污降碳”的环境效益按照有地铁城市和无地铁城市进行了分别核算。结果表明：①共享骑行具有显著的“减污”和“降碳”协同环境效益；②共享骑行“减污降碳”环境效益在无地铁城市比有地铁城市更为突出；③共享电单车比共享人力单车具有更高的环境效益。最后，本文对所采用的核算方法的局限性进行了分析，并提出了共享骑行环境效益核算未来的研究探索方向，包括共享骑行激励政策的制定、不同尺度或区域共享骑行环境效益核算以及出行替代率的方法学研究等。

英文摘要:

      As an emerging green transportation mode, shared riding has developed into an important urban travel mode with its convenient, economic and sharing characteristics. As a green transportation mode, shared riding can replace some energy-consuming transportation mode, which has obvious environmental benefits of reducing pollution and carbon. However, the quantitative research on the environmental benefits of shared riding mainly focuses on the benefits of “Carbon Emission Reduction”, there is little study on the benefits of “Pollution Emission Reduction”, and there is no published calculating methodology. The methodology of “Carbon Emission Reduction” benefits of shared riding was compared and analyzed, and calculating methodology of “Pollution Emission Reduction” of shared riding was explored by using the idea of “Carbon Emission Reduction” calculating methodology. Above of this, with the user riding data of a large shared riding company, the environmental benefits of emission reduction for pollution and carbon of shared bicycles and motorcycles in metro cities and non-metro cities were calculated respectively. The results showed that: (1) shared riding has significant synergistic environmental benefits for “Pollution Emission Reduction” and “Carbon Emission Reduction”; (2) synergistic environmental benefits of shared riding were more prominent in cities without subway than in cities with subway; (3) shared motorcycles had higher environmental benefits than shared manpower bicycles. Finally, the limitations of the accounting methods in this paper were analyzed, and the future research direction of shared riding environmental benefit accounting was put forward, including the formulation of shared riding incentive policy, different scales or regions share the accounting of riding environmental benefits and the methodology of travel substitution rate.