中国省级土壤污染防治基金设立思考与探索

Thoughts and Exploration on the Establishment of Provincial Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Fund in China

中文关键词:  省级土壤污染防治基金  设立  政府投资型  制度体系

英文关键词:provincial soil pollution prevention and control fund  establishment  government-led investment  institutional system

中文摘要:

      设立基金是国内外解决土壤污染治理与修复资金不足的通用做法，是新时期绿色金融促进绿色发展的重要措施。土壤污染治理与修复具有投入大、周期长和收益低等特点，设立土壤污染防治基金可充分发挥财政资金的引导、增信和激励作用，是“污染者付费”原则下的重要补充。本文在系统梳理国内外土壤基金资金来源、使用范围、监督管理等特征的基础上，立足于《中华人民共和国土壤污染防治法》和《土壤污染防治基金管理办法》中的土壤污染防治基金制度框架，针对基金运作模式、启动与支持范围、项目储备与前期研究、制度体系构建等方面提出了省级土壤污染防治基金设立及其优化建议。本文表明，土壤污染防治基金制度是新时期国家生态环境保护和治理理念更新的重要体现，该制度的有效落地对解决当前突出的土壤污染问题意义重大；在上位法的框架下，对基金模式、使用、运行、监督和绩效评估等方面进行细化和规范，有效融合金融财政和土壤污染防治要素，系统构建土壤污染防治基金制度体系将有效促进该政策的顺利落地。本文可为土壤污染防治基金制度的完善和实施提供参考与借鉴。

英文摘要:

      The establishment of funds is a common way in China and abroad to solve the shortage of funds for soil pollution control and remediation, and it is an important measure for green finance to promote green development in the new era. Soil pollution control and remediation features high investment, long period, and low profit. The establishment of soil pollution prevention and control funds gives full play to the guiding, credit enhancement, and incentive roles of financial funds, and is an important supplement to the “polluters pay” principle. This paper systematically reviews the characteristics of soil funds both in China and abroad, including fund sources, scope of use, and supervision and management, and based on the system frameworks of soil pollution prevention and control funds outlined in the Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People’s Republic of China and Measures on Management of the Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Fund, the paper provides suggestions on the establishment and optimization of provincial soil pollution prevention and control funds with respect to the mode of fund operation, fund initiation and the scope of support, project reserves and preliminary study, construction of the institutional system, and so on. The paper shows that the soil pollution prevention and control fund system represents renewal of the concept of national ecological environment protection and governance in the new era, and the effective implementation of the system is of great significance to solve the existing serious soil pollution problem. In the framework of the upper law, refining and standardizing the mode, use, operation, supervision, and performance evaluation of funds, effectively integrating the finance with soil pollution prevention and control, and building a soil pollution prevention and control fund system will effectively promote the implementation of the policy. This paper provides a reference for the improvement and implementation of soil pollution prevention and control fund system in China.