城市生活垃圾处理能力提升的驱动因素研究——基于2004—2020年30个省份的实证分析

Research on Driving Factors of Improving Urban Solid Waste Disposal Capacity: Based on the Empirical Analysis of 30 Provinces from 2004 to 2020

中文关键词:  城市生活垃圾  无害化处理能力  驱动因素  时空差异

英文关键词:domestic waste  harmless disposal capacity  driving factors  temporal and temporal heterogeneity

中文摘要:

      提升末端生活垃圾处理能力，走出城市“垃圾围城”之困，一直是地方政府关切的核心议题。为探究城市生活垃圾处理能力的影响因素及其时空差异，从“政府能力系统”视角出发，围绕需求驱动、经济驱动、政策驱动、技术驱动四个维度，提出相关研究假设，并运用2004—2020年30个省份的面板数据进行实证检验。研究发现：生活垃圾清运量、人均GDP、地方环保支出、政策文本出台数量、无害化处理厂数量以及市容环卫专用车辆数均对城市生活垃圾处理能力的提升具有促进作用。在时间变化上，2004—2007年为生活垃圾处理能力初创阶段，受到经济、政策与技术驱动因素的显著影响； 2008—2016年为生活处理能力缓慢提升和局部发展阶段，持续受到技术驱动因素的显著作用；2017—2020年为处理能力全面提升阶段，需求、经济与技术因素均呈现出显著促进作用。在区域变化上，经济驱动的影响效应由东部向西部逐渐减弱，需求驱动、政策驱动因素只在东部地区影响显著，技术驱动因素对不同区域的生活垃圾处理能力均具有显著促进作用。最后，研究从源头减量、资金投入、政策倾斜与技术创新等方面，对促进中国城市生活垃圾处理能力的发展提供了相应的政策建议。

英文摘要:

      How to improve the capacity of domestic waste disposal and get out of the garbage siege has always been an important issue that needs to be solved in urban development. In order to clarify the influencing factors of the improvement of urban solid waste disposal capacity and its spatial and temporal heterogeneity, the study put forward relevant research hypotheses from the perspective of government capacity system, focusing on four dimensions:demand-driven, economic-driven, policy-driven and technology-driven, and the panel data of 30 provinces from 2004 to 2020 were used for empirical test. The study found that the amount of domestic waste clearance, per capita GDP, local environmental expenditure, the number of policy texts, the number of harmless treatment plants and special vehicles for city appearance and sanitation have promoted the improvement of urban domestic waste disposal capacity. In terms of time change, 2004-2007 was the initial development stage of waste disposal capacity, which was significantly affected by economic, policy and technical factors. The period of 2008-2016 was the stage of slow improvement and local development of the capacity, which was continuously affected by the significant role of technological factors. 2017-2020 was the overall improvement stage of capacity, and it was significantly promoted by demand, economic and technological factors. In terms of regional changes, the influence effect of economic factors gradually weakened from the east to the west, the demand-driven and policy-driven factors only had a significant impact in the eastern region, and the technological factors had a significant role in promoting waste disposal capacity in different regions. Finally, the study put forward corresponding policy suggestions for the development of China's urban solid waste disposal capacity from the aspects of source reduction, capital investment, policy preferences and technological innovation.