长江流域生态环境协同规制的立法诠释与意涵表达——以《长江保护法》为述评视角

Legislative Interpretation and Meaning Expression of Ecological Environment Collaborative Regulation in the Yangtze River Basin —Take the Yangtze River Protection Law as the General Perspective of the Comment

中文关键词:  《长江保护法》  长江流域生态环境  协同规制  立法诠释  法律意涵

英文关键词:the Yangtze River Protection Law  ecological environment of the Yangtze River Basin  collaborative regulation  legislative interpretation  legal implications

中文摘要:

      为解决长江流域生态环境治理模式中“权力—权利”主体间存在的结构性冲突，《长江保护法》以专门立法的形式对流域生态环境法律体系进行了统合性建构，创设出“环境公权机关统筹主导＋环境私权主体竞相参与”的长江流域生态环境协同规制的新模式。该模式的塑造既有对构建我国现代环境治理体系这一顶层设计的积极遵循，也适配于社会性规制力量蓬勃发展的客观趋向，符合“成本—效益分析”视野下流域生态环境治理成本最小化的价值追求。以对长江流域生态环境治理法律秩序的高度统摄为依归，长江流域生态环境协同规制模式一方面沿循从“宏观宣示”到“微观赋权”的渐进性立法表达路径，对国家权力统筹主导流域治理的地位进行了立法诠释；另一方面也对社会力量多元参与流域治理的功能配置与职责序构作了妥善且周延的法律安排。在学理上，可从形式、理念与要素三重维度内容出发，对长江流域生态环境协同规制模式的法律意涵予以明晰。

英文摘要:

      To solve structural conflicts between the right and power subjects in the ecological environment governance mode of the Yangtze River Basin, the Yangtze River Protection Law has integrated the legal system of the ecological environment in the basin in the form of special legislation, and created a new model of collaborative regulation of the ecological environment in the Yangtze River basin, which is “the overall leading of the environmental public authority and the competitive participation of the environmental private rights subjects”. The shaping of this model not only actively follows the top-level design of the construction of a modern environmental governance system in China, but also meets the objective trend of the vigorous development of social regulatory forces, which is in line with the value pursuit of minimizing the cost of ecological environmental governance in the watershed under the perspective of “costbenefit analysis”. On the other hand, the collaborative regulation model of ecological environment in the Yangtze River Basin follows the progressive legislative expression path from “macro declaration” to “micro empowerment”, and carries on the legislative interpretation of the status of the state power as a whole leading the basin governance; On the other hand, it also makes proper and extensive legal arrangements for the function allocation and responsibility order of the multi-participation of social forces in basin governance. In terms of academic theory, the legal meaning of the cooperative regulation mode of ecological environment in the Yangtze River Basin can be clarified from the three dimensions of form, concept and elements.