公益诉讼中水生动植物资源损害鉴定评估现状评析及完善建议

Current Status of Judicial Appraisal for Damages to Aquatic Animals and Plants in Public Interest Litigation and Suggestions for Improvement

中文关键词:  水生动植物  鉴定评估  公益诉讼

英文关键词:aquatic animals and plant  appraisal  public interest litigation

中文摘要:

      公益诉讼是生物多样性司法保护的重要手段之一。其中，水生动植物资源损害情况、致害因素以及二者之间因果关系的准确判定是确定赔偿并公正判决的基础，对于能否通过诉讼达到修复生态损害、维护生物多样性至关重要。鉴于此，本研究通过梳理、分析474件涉及水生动植物损害的公益诉讼案件判决文书，结合前期学者研究和个别案件探究，从鉴定评估的主体、内容、结果三个方面，评析当前公益诉讼案件中水生动植物资源鉴定评估状况。结果发现，公益诉讼中水生动植物资源的损害评估存在评估主体制度不健全、评估标准和规范不完善、评估结果可靠性欠缺等问题。对于上述问题，应当充分考虑水生动植物资源的特殊性，加强评估主体的制度建设、明确并细化评估标准，及规范并落实评估相关保障制度。

英文摘要:

      Public interest litigation is an important instrument to protect biological diversity. The accurate determination of damage to aquatic animal and plant, the damaging factors and the causal relation between the damaging factors and damage is the basis for determining compensation and making a fair trial, which is crucial to the restoration of ecological damage and the maintenance of biological diversity. In view of this, this study analyzes the judgment documents of 474 public interest litigation cases involving aquatic animal and plant damage. Combined with previous scholars’ research and analysis of individual case, it evaluates the current status of judicial appraisal for aquatic animal and plant in public interest litigation cases from three aspects: the subject, content and results. The results show that the judicial appraisal of aquatic animal and plant in the public interest litigation has problems such as insufficient regulation of the assessors, imperfect assessment standards and norms, and lack of reliability of assessment results. For the above problems, full consideration should be given to the particularity of aquatic animal and plant resources, the regulation of assessing body should be strengthened, the assessment standards and norms should be clarified and refined, and relevant safeguard system should be standaridized and implemented.