新时期完善全链条环评管理制度的建议

Suggestions for Improving the Whole Chain Management for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in the New Era

中文关键词:  环评管理  环评改革  环评体系优化  生态环境分区管控  全链条管理

英文关键词:EIA management  EIA reform  EIA system optimization  eco-environmental zoning regulation  whole chain management

中文摘要:

      环境影响评价（以下简称“环评”）制度作为生态环境源头预防的重要手段，有力支撑生态文明建设、推进生态环境治理能力现代化。当前，我国已建立了包括生态环境分区管控，项目环评、规划环评，以及区域发展战略（政策）评估的环评体系和排污许可管理制度体系，但是全链条环评管理在制度联动、衔接融合和管理闭环等方面仍存在薄弱环节。为进一步健全生态环境源头预防制度体系，须加快构建功能定位明确、责任边界清晰、衔接关系顺畅的全链条环评体系；建立生态环境分区管控与环评管理、排污许可等制度之间“四联动、三融合、两闭环”的基本模式。建议进一步完善全链条管理制度顶层设计，推动重点领域科技攻关，深化政策创新试点，强化能力建设，为推进美丽中国建设提供支撑保障。

英文摘要:

      The environmental impact assessment (hereinafter referred to as EIA) system, as an important means of preventing the ecological environmental pollutions, strongly supports the construction of ecological civilization and promotes the modernization of ecological environment governance capacity. At present, China has established an EIA system that consists of Project EIA, Planning EIA, Strategic Environmental Assessment, “Three Lines and One List” eco-environmental zoning regulation, and pollution emission permit management system. With the deepening of EIA reform of “simplification, supervision and service”, the government has gradually delegated and simplified the Project EIA, optimized the Planning EIA, carried out the pilot of Policy EIA, and accelerated the construction of the ecological environment zoning management and control system. Meanwhile, the pollutant emission permit system has been built. However, there are still weak links in the whole chain management of the current EIA system, such as institutional linkage, convergence and management closed-loop. To further improve the management efficiency of the EIA system, it is necessary to accelerate the construction of a whole-chain EIA system with clear functional positioning, clear responsibility boundary and sufficient connection. We suggest to establish a new “linked, integrated and closed-looped” mode among the eco-environmental zoning regulation and EIA management, pollutant emission permit and other policies. In order to support the construction of a beautiful China, it is significant to further improve the top-level design of the whole chain EIA management system, to promote scientific and technological breakthroughs in key areas, and to deepen the policy innovation pilot and strengthen the capacity building.