我国环境禁止令的功能缺失与制度完善

Functional Deficiency and Institutional Improvement of the Environmental Injunction in China

中文关键词:  预防性救济  环境禁令  行为保全  功能定位  制度完善

英文关键词:preventive relief  environmental injunction  behavior preservation  functional positioning  institutional improvement

中文摘要:

      我国环境禁止令制度是当前禁令本土化的特殊表现，但面临着适用率畸低的制度虚置风险。制度成因是行为保全框架下的环境禁止令对实体权利救济关注不足，无法满足环境预防性保护的功能需求。我国环境预防性救济机制尚不完整，环境私益的保障强度不足。本文建议，应明确我国环境禁令的应然司法功能和社会功能。以完善环境禁令制度为依托，建立贯穿事前、事中、事后的风险预防性环境侵害救济机制。在公私法领域完善实体法依据并将环境禁令制度纳入民事诉讼法的特别程序。强化禁令适用中的法院职权，建立行政与司法衔接配合的执行保障机制。

英文摘要:

      The environmental injunction system in China is a special manifestation of the current localization of injunctions, but it faces the risk of institutional emptiness with abnormally low applicability. The institutional cause is that the environmental injunction under the framework of behavior preservation does not pay enough attention to the relief of substantive rights, and cannot meet the functional requirement of environmental preventive protection. The mechanism of environmental preventive relief in China is still incomplete, and the intensity of safeguarding environmental private interests is insufficient. The judicial and social functions of the environmental injunction in China should be clarified. Based on the improvement of the environmental injunction system, a risk preventive relief mechanism for environmental infringement that runs through pre, during, and post events should be established. We should improve the basis of substantive law in the field of public law and private law, and incorporate the environmental injunction system into the special procedure of civil procedure law. Strengthen the court’s authority in the application of injunctions, and establish an enforcement guarantee mechanism by administrative and judicial coordination.