“碳关税”倒逼效应下我国零碳园区建设逻辑与创新路径研究

The Logic and Innovation Pathways for China’s Zero-Carbon Industrial Park Development Under the Forcing Effect of Carbon Border Taxes

中文关键词:  碳关税  CBAM  零碳园区建设  零碳园区评价

英文关键词:carbon border tax  CBAM  zero-carbon industrial park construction  zero-carbon industrial park evaluation

中文摘要:

      欧盟碳边境调节机制（ CBAM）的全面实施标志着全球气候治理从国家自主贡献模式向跨境合规强制约束转型，显著推升了高碳产业对欧出口成本。本文系统解构CBAM规则的内核与核算机制，揭示其对我国工业园区形成的系统性挑战，深入剖析国内零碳园区研究发展、概念演进及建设实践中存在的问题，创新性提出“CBAM—零碳园区耦合分析框架”，提出融合国际规则与中国国情的零碳园区核心框架及动态评价体系。研究发现：现有零碳园区建设存在核算边界模糊、过度依赖碳抵消、绿电国际认可不足等问题，需以实质性降低碳排放为原则，通过技术革新实现深度脱碳、绿电直供保障物理溯源、区块链监测确保数据可信、碳资产预算引导资源优化四大子系统的协同联动，系统性破解CBAM的四重成本压力与数字降碳陷阱。研究为应对国际碳壁垒、推动工业园区实质性脱碳提供理论与实践支撑。

英文摘要:

      The comprehensive implementation of the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) signifies a shift in global climate governance from nationally determined contributions to cross-border mandatory compliance, significantly increasing export costs for high-carbon industries to Europe. This paper systematically deconstructs the core principles and accounting mechanisms of CBAM, revealing how it costs poses systemic challenges to China’s industrial parks. It further analyzes the evolution of research, conceptual development and practical issues related to zero-carbon industrial parks in China. nnovatively, a“CBAM–Zero-Carbon Park Coupling Analysis Framework” is proposed, integrating international rules with China’s national conditions to outline a core framework and dynamic evaluation system for zero-carbon industrial parks. The study identifies key issues in current zero-carbon industrial park development, including ambiguous accounting boundaries, excessive reliance on carbon offsets, and insufficient international recognition of green electricity. To address these challenges, the paper advocates for a principle of substantive carbon reduction, achieved through the coordinated operation of four key subsystems: technological innovation for deep decarbonization, direct green power supply with physical traceability, blockchain-based monitoring for data credibility, and carbon asset budgeting to optimize resource allocation, to systematically overcome the pitfalls of superficial“digital decarbonization.” This research provides both theoretical and practical support for addressing international carbon barriers and driving substantive decarbonization in industrial parks.