产品碳足迹绿色采购的国际经验与中国破局路径

International Experience in Green Procurement Based on Product Carbon Footprint and China’s Path to Breakthroughs

中文关键词:  产品碳足迹  绿色采购  政府绿色采购（ GPP）

英文关键词:product carbon footprint  green procurement  government green procurement

中文摘要:

      将产品碳足迹纳入政府绿色采购是应对全球气候变化、履行国际责任的必然要求，也是优化资源配置，通过行政治理效能推动绿色转型，创造稳定低碳产品需求市场以激励产业链技术创新和供应链重塑的关键路径。目前，我国将产品碳足迹纳入政府绿色采购尚处于起步阶段。本文系统分析了欧盟、美国、日本和英国将产品碳足迹纳入政府绿色采购的政策和最新实践活动经验，并结合我国政府绿色采购和产品碳足迹管理面临的问题，如法律体系不健全、协同机制不完善、基础条件不充分、激励机制显薄弱等，从法制构建分层推进法律适配、机制协同构建全链条治理体系、基础提升夯实核算与认证评价体系、市场培育多维度激励机制创新等方面提出了我国将产品碳足迹纳入政府绿色采购的建议，为我国制定基于产品碳足迹的政府绿色采购政策制度提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Incorporating product carbon footprint (PCF) into government green procurement (GPP) is an inevitable requirement for addressing global climate change and fulfilling international responsibilities. It is also a key pathway to optimize resource allocation and promote green transformation through enhanced political governance efficiency, and create a stable demand market for low-carbon products to stimulate technological innovation in the industrial chain and supply chain. At present, China is still in the initial stages of integrating product carbon footprint into government green procurement. This paper systematically analyzes the policies and latest practical experiences of the European Union, the United States, Japan and the United Kingdom in incorporating product carbon footprint into government green procurement. Considering the problems faced by China’s current situation in government green procurement and product carbon footprint management, such as the imperfect legal framework, inadequate coordination mechanisms, insufficient basic conditions, and weak incentive mechanisms, etc., this paper puts forward suggestions to incorporate product carbon footprint into government green procurement should be advancing through a tiered approach, establishing a holistic governance system through enhanced coordination, strengthening the foundational carbon accounting and certification evaluation systems, and fostering market development through multidimensional incentive mechanisms. The findings provide a reference for formulating China’s government green procurement policies based on product carbon footprints.